> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://creditweb3.gitbook.io/credit-smartchain/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://creditweb3.gitbook.io/credit-smartchain/abstract.md). # Abstract A decentralized payment platform allows users to send and receive payments without the need for a trusted third-party. However, research has shown that there needs to be an intermediary to manage transactions and prevent double-spending. Blockchain and its use of digital signatures (Encryption) is only part of the solution. The decentralization of network nodes is crucial to ensure long term safety of the network. In both Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchains, the longest chain provides a validation point. In a Proof-of-Work environment, this system is flawed because it relies on computational power. This dependency means that if enough miners and equipment colluded, they could overpower a network. Initially,we proposed Proof-of-Stake as a better alternative because it does not decide the longest chain based on hash power. Instead, wallet balance and coin maturity are the methods of determination. However a 51% attack is still possible. Fast forward to the future and Credit Smartchain relies on a system of PoA Proof-of-Authority consensus that can support short block time and lower fees. The most bonded validator candidates of staking will become validators and produce blocks. The double-sign detection and other slashing logic guarantee security, stability, and chain finality. --- # Agent Instructions This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com. ## Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter: ``` GET https://creditweb3.gitbook.io/credit-smartchain/abstract.md?ask=&goal= ``` `ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. `goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.